August 2012 Engineering Science
Question 1
1.1 Theory: The effects of a force on a physical body.
Answer: Any 2
a force can:
Answer: Any 2
a force can:
- bring a moving body to a standstill
- cause a moving body to slow down ( decelerate )
- cause a moving body to speed up ( accelerate )
- get a stationary body into motion
1.2 Motion We are given that deceleration takes place. u = 80
km/h and v = 60 km/h We have to convert the speeds into m/s by dividing
by 3.6.
therefore u = 80 km/h = m/s and v = 60 km/h = m/s
1.2.1 a = (v - u) /t = - 6,001 m/s^2
1.2.2 t = 0,926 s
1.3
1.3.1 a = 0,667 m/s^2
1.3.2 s = 900 m [total distance in 60 s]
1.4
1.4.1 T2 = 466,667 m/s^2
1.4.2 v = 6,346 m/s
1.4.3 P = 5,923 kW
Question 2
2.1 Theory : Definition of the equilibrant of a system of forces
2.2 Beam
2.2.1 L = 512,5 N
R = 197,5 N
2.2.2 Shear force diagram (to be scanned in)
Question 3
3.1 Theory: Definition of the RESULTANT
3.2
3.2.1 R = 55 N and L = 45 N
3.2.2 AE = 51,962 N (analytical method) [to be scanned in]
AE = 52 N graphical method [to be scanned in]
Question 4
4.1 W perp = Wcos 20 deg = 552,539 N
4.2 W para = Wsin 20 deg = 201,108 N
4.3 Friction force = 201,108 N
4.4 Coefficient of friction = 0,364
4.5 Force up = 201,108 N
Question 5
5.1 Theory :Definition of Heat Value of a fuel
5.2 t2 = 88,689 deg C
5.3 change in length = 10,71 mm
5.4
5.4.1 h wet = J
5.4.2 h g = J
5.4.3 h = J
5.4.4 hss = J
Question 6
6.1 Definition of Density: The density of a body or substance is the ration of its mass to its volume
6.2
6.2.1 volume per delivery stroke = area x stroke length
= pi/4 x (0,16)^2 x 0,09
= 0,00181 m^3
6.2.2 mass pumped/delivery stroke = density x volume
= 1000 x 0,00181
= 1,81 kg
6.2.3 work done/delivery stroke = density x g x H x vol
= 1000 x 9,8 x 15 x 0,00181
266,07 J
6.3
6.3.1 W/F = D^2/d^2
W = 50 x 0,12^2/ 0,03^2
= 800 N
= 81,633 kg
6.3.2 P = F/a
= 50 x 4/pi x 0,03^2
= 70,736 kPa
Question 7
7.1 Definition: The heat generated in a circuit is directly
proportional to the square of the current that flows, the resistance and
the time the current flows.
7.3
7.3.1 To calculate the total resistance
1 / R par = 1 / 30 + 1 / 45
= 45 + 30/1350
= 75/ 1350
R par = 1350 / 75
= 18 ohm
the total resistance of the circuit is therefore 18 + 12 = 30 ohm
7.3.2 Ammeter reading I tot = E / R total
= 9 / 30
= 0,3 A
7.3.3 Voltmeter reading V 12v = I R
= 0,3 x 12
= 3,6 V
7.4
7.4.1 Secondary voltage Vs / V p = Ns / Np
V s = 42 / 420 x 240
= 24 V
7.4.2 Primary current I p / I s = V s / V p
I p = 24 / 240 x 2
= 0,2 A
Question 8
8.1 Humid/damp conditions
salty air (at coast)
8.2 proton: positive
neutron : neutral
electron : negative
8.3 A molecule of a substance or element is a chemical combination of 2 or more atoms of of that substance or element.
8.4 copper; iron; gold; aluminium
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